AN INDIGENOUS DE-ADDICTION PROTOCOL THROUGH AYURVEDA: A PARADIGM SHIFT IN ADDICTION MANAGEMENT
Background: Substance use disorders constitute a major global public health challenge associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden. Despite advances in pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions, relapse rates remain high, indicating the need for comprehensive and sustainable approaches to addiction management.
Methods: A narrative review of classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridayam) and peer-reviewed literature (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, DHARA; inception to May 2025) was conducted using the search terms: Ayurveda, addiction, Sattvavajaya Chikitsa, Shodhana, Rasayana, yoga, mindfulness, and substance dependence.
Results: An Indigenous Ayurvedic De-Addiction Protocol (IADP) was synthesised integrating four therapeutic pillars: Shodhana (biological detoxification), Sattvavajaya Chikitsa (psychotherapy), Yoga and Meditation (mind–body integration), and Rasayana (neurocognitive rejuvenation). Sattvavajaya Chikitsa was conceptualised as an indigenous psychotherapeutic model comparable to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), motivational enhancement therapy, and mindfulness-based relapse prevention. Its six stages — Jnana, Vijnana, Dhairya, Smriti, Sankalpa, and Samadhi — address insight, cognitive restructuring, resilience, reflective cognition, commitment, and meditative stabilisation respectively.
Discussion: The IADP addresses addiction through the Ayurvedic concepts of Prajnaparadha (failure of intellect), imbalance of Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas, and Tridosha dysregulation, integrating these with contemporary biopsychosocial models. Potential mechanisms include neuroendocrine regulation, autonomic modulation, cognitive restructuring, and neuroprotective effects of Rasayana drugs.
Conclusion: The IADP represents a promising paradigm shift from symptom suppression toward restoration of self-regulation, resilience, and holistic well-being. Multicentric randomised controlled trials are warranted to validate the protocol.