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Introduction: Anidra, or insomnia, is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep. In Ayurveda, Anidra is considered a Vataja Nanatmaja Vyadhi, primarily resulting from imbalances in the Vata dosha, with secondary involvement of Pitta and Kapha. Disturbed sleep is believed to lead to various health issues, including fatigue, cognitive disturbances, and compromised immunity. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by analyzing classical Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridayam, alongside contemporary research articles indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The focus was on understanding the pathophysiology, classification, and therapeutic interventions for Anidra. Results: Ayurvedic management of Anidra encompasses dietary modifications (Ahara), lifestyle changes (Vihara), herbal formulations, and Panchakarma therapies. Key interventions include the use of Medhya Rasayanas like Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), Shirodhara therapy, Nasya, and Basti. Modern approaches incorporate cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), pharmacotherapy, and lifestyle interventions. Discussion: Integrating Ayurvedic and modern therapeutic modalities offers a holistic approach to managing Anidra. While modern medicine provides symptomatic relief, Ayurveda addresses the root cause by balancing doshic imbalances. Collaborative research is essential to validate the efficacy and safety of Ayurvedic interventions in the context of Anidra.

KEYWORDS: Anidra, Ayurveda, Insomnia, Medhya Rasayana, Shirodhara