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Introduction: Ayurveda recognizes the inseparable link between body (Sharira), mind (Manas), and soul (Atma). The Tridosha theory—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—explains not only somatic processes but also mental and emotional regulation. Imbalances in Doshas are considered central to psychosomatic disorders such as anxiety, depression, irritable bowel syndrome, and stress-related hypertension. Methods: A systematic review of Ayurvedic classics (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya) and modern commentaries was undertaken. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar were searched (2000–2024) using terms “Tridosha,” “psychosomatic disorders,” “Ayurveda and mental health,” and “dosha imbalance stress.” Inclusion criteria included conceptual papers, clinical studies, reviews, and experimental work. Results: Ayurveda describes Vata as the regulator of mind and nervous system, Pitta as responsible for intellect and emotions like anger, and Kapha as linked with stability and memory. Psychosomatic disorders result from prolonged Pragyaparadha (errors of intellect), stress, and lifestyle disturbances leading to doshic imbalance. Clinical studies demonstrate associations between doshic dominance and susceptibility to psychosomatic illnesses. For example, Vata Prakriti individuals are more prone to anxiety and insomnia, Pitta to anger and hypertension, and Kapha to depression and obesity. Ayurvedic therapies including Satvavajaya Chikitsa, Panchakarma, yoga, and meditation have shown efficacy in psychosomatic conditions. Discussion: The Tridosha framework aligns with modern psychoneuroimmunology, stress physiology, and personality-based disease predisposition. However, objective biomarkers for Dosha imbalance and psychosomatic disease correlation remain underexplored. Conclusion: Integrating Tridosha theory with modern psychosomatic medicine provides a holistic model for prevention and management. Standardized tools for dosha assessment and interdisciplinary research will enhance clinical utility.

KEYWORDS: Ayurveda, Dosha imbalance, Mind-body disorders, Psychosomatic, Tridosha